英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)？1、語(yǔ)法 Grammar 2、結(jié)構(gòu) structure 句子 sentence 從句 clause 詞組 phrase 3、詞性 part of speech 單詞 word 4、名詞 Noun 5、專有名詞 proper noun 普通名詞 common noun 可數(shù)名詞 countable noun 6、那么，英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)？一起來(lái)了解一下吧。

一張圖看懂英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

1.

高中英語(yǔ)的新語(yǔ)法術(shù)語(yǔ)很多，這里先解釋一下你提到的兩個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，是用來(lái)說(shuō)明情況或狀態(tài)

(而不是動(dòng)作)

的動(dòng)詞，我們把“情況和狀態(tài)”簡(jiǎn)稱為“情態(tài)”。例如

can,

may,

must,

ought

to,

have

to,

shall,

will,

should,

would

等。伴隨狀語(yǔ)指分詞或獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)，這個(gè)狀語(yǔ)也表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作，但是與主要?jiǎng)幼飨啾绕饋?lái)顯得次要一些，就稱之為“伴隨”動(dòng)作，即伴隨狀語(yǔ)。例如

Sitting

in

a

large

sofa,

he

watched

TV

for

two

hours.

他坐在大沙發(fā)上看了兩個(gè)小時(shí)電視。他一邊坐一邊看，但是“看電視”是主要?jiǎng)幼鳎白诖笊嘲l(fā)上”則是次要?jiǎng)幼鳎窗殡S狀語(yǔ)。

2.

高中英語(yǔ)的課時(shí)很緊，老師不可能把每個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)講解得很細(xì)，需要自己預(yù)習(xí)，不僅是預(yù)習(xí)課本內(nèi)容，還要在課前看語(yǔ)法書，這樣就比較容易聽(tīng)懂。推薦把鐘邦清的《英語(yǔ)實(shí)用語(yǔ)法大全》作為預(yù)習(xí)用的工具書，該書通俗易懂，講解詳細(xì)，例句很多，每個(gè)例句都有中文翻譯。應(yīng)付高考和大學(xué)四六級(jí)都?jí)蛴谩Ｈ缒阈枰摃?qǐng)發(fā)郵件至：[email protected]

我可為你郵寄。

英語(yǔ)單詞大全

一、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

1.概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays, 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞 原形 （如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式） 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are +not+其他; 此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't, 如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。 6.例句：It seldom snows here.這里很少下雪。 He is always ready to help others.他總是樂(lè)于幫助別人。

二、 一般過(guò)去時(shí)

1.概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞或be的過(guò)去時(shí)+名詞 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+was/were +not+其他;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

英文專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)有哪些

英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法是針對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)法進(jìn)行的研究，指英語(yǔ)中語(yǔ)言的結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)律。包括詞法和句法。英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法既可以是規(guī)范性的，也可以是描述性的。

一、實(shí)詞

1.名詞（nouns）n.： 名詞是詞性的一種，也是實(shí)詞的一種，是指代人、物、事、時(shí)、地、情感、概念等實(shí)體或抽象事物的詞。名詞可以獨(dú)立成句。在短語(yǔ)或句子中通常可以用代詞來(lái)替代。名詞可以分為專有名詞（Proper Nouns）和普通名詞(Common Nouns），專有名詞是某個(gè)（些）人，地方，機(jī)構(gòu)等專有的名稱，如Beijing，China等，專有名詞的首字母要大寫。普通名詞是一類人或東西或是一個(gè)抽象概念的名詞，如：book，sadness等。 2.代詞（pronoun）pron.： 代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語(yǔ)中的代詞，按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、關(guān)系代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞九種。 3.數(shù)詞（numeral）Num.： 表示“多少”和“第幾”的詞，叫數(shù)詞。其用法相當(dāng)于名詞或者形容詞。數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種。 4.形容詞（adjective）adj.或a.： 很多語(yǔ)言中均有的主要詞類中的一種。

定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

語(yǔ)法 Grammar

結(jié)構(gòu) structure 句子 sentence 從句 clause 詞組 phrase

詞性 part of speech 單詞 word

名詞 Noun

專有名詞 proper noun 普通名詞 common noun 可數(shù)名詞 countable noun

不可數(shù)名詞 uncountable noun 抽象名詞 abstract noun 具體名詞 concrete noun 物質(zhì)名詞 material noun 集體名詞 collective noun 個(gè)體名詞individual noun 介詞 preposition 連詞 conjunction

動(dòng)詞 Verb

及物動(dòng)詞 transitive verb 不及物動(dòng)詞 intransitive verb 系動(dòng)詞 link verb

助動(dòng)詞 auxiliary verb 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 modal verb 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 notional verb

規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 regular verb

不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 irregular verb 使役動(dòng)詞 causative verb 感官動(dòng)詞 verb of senses 動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞 event verb 靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞 state verb 感嘆詞 exclamation 形容詞 adjective

副詞 Adverb

疑問(wèn)副詞 interrogative adverb 關(guān)系副詞 relative adverb

代詞 Pronoun

人稱代詞 personal pronoun 物主代詞 possessive pronoun 反身代詞 reflexive pronoun 相互代詞 reciprocal pronoun

指示代詞 demonstrative pronoun 疑問(wèn)代詞 interrogative pronoun 關(guān)系代詞 relative pronoun 不定代詞 indefinite pronoun 物主代詞 possessive pronoun 名詞性物主代詞

nominal possessive pronoun 形容詞性物主代詞

adjectival possessive pronoun

冠詞 Article

定冠詞 definite article 不定冠詞 indefinite article

數(shù)詞 Numeral

基數(shù)詞 cardinal numeral 序數(shù)詞 ordinal numeral 分?jǐn)?shù)詞 fractional numeral 形式 form

單數(shù)形式 singular form 復(fù)數(shù)形式 plural form 原形 base form

句子成分

Members of sentences

基本句型 basic sentence pattern 主語(yǔ) subject 謂語(yǔ) predicate

賓語(yǔ) object

復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) complex object 同源賓語(yǔ) cognate object 補(bǔ)語(yǔ) complement

賓補(bǔ) object complement 表語(yǔ) predicative 定語(yǔ) attribute 同位語(yǔ) appositive 狀語(yǔ) adverbial

句子 Sentence

簡(jiǎn)單句 simple sentence 并列句 compound sentence 復(fù)合句 complex sentence 并列復(fù)合句

compound complex sentence 陳述句 declarative sentence 疑問(wèn)句 interrogative sentence 一般疑問(wèn)句 general question 特殊疑問(wèn)句 special question 選擇疑問(wèn)句 alternative question 反義疑問(wèn)句 disjunctive question 存在句 existential sentence 肯定句 positive sentence 否定句 negative sentence 祈使句 imperative sentence 省略句 elliptical sentence

感嘆句 exclamatory sentence

從句 Clause

從屬句 subordinate clause 并列句 coordinate clause 名詞從句 nominal clause 定語(yǔ)從句 attributive clause 狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause 賓語(yǔ)從句 object clause 主語(yǔ)從句 subject clause 同位語(yǔ)從句 appositive clause 真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句

adverbial clause of real condition 非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句

adverbial clause of unreal condition

句法關(guān)系

句法Syntactic relationship

并列coordinate 從屬 subordination

修飾 modification

前置修飾 pre-modification 后置修飾 post-modification 限制 restriction

雙重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction

數(shù) Number

單數(shù)形式 singular form 復(fù)數(shù)形式 plural form 規(guī)則形式 regular form 不規(guī)則形式 irregular form

格 case

所有格 possessive case 主格 nominative case 賓格 objective case

人稱 person

第一人稱 first person 第二人稱 second person 第三人稱 third person

時(shí)態(tài) Tense

過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) past future tense 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) present simple tense 一般過(guò)去時(shí) past simple tense 一般將來(lái)時(shí) future simple tense 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) past perfect tense 過(guò)去完成時(shí) present perfect tense 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

present continuous tense

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) past continuous tense 將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) future continuous tense

語(yǔ)態(tài) Voice

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) active voice 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) passive voice

語(yǔ)氣 Mood

陳述語(yǔ)氣 indicative mood 祈使語(yǔ)氣 imperative mood 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 subjunctive mood

否定Negation

否定范圍 scope of negation 全部否定 full negation 局部否 partial negation 轉(zhuǎn)移否定 shift of negation

英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)中英文

一、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

1.概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況. 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays, 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞 原形 （如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù),動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式） 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are +not+其他; 此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞,則在其前加don't, 如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù),則用doesn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞. 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn),如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù),則用does,同時(shí),還原行為動(dòng)詞. 6.例句：It seldom snows here.這里很少下雪. He is always ready to help others.他總是樂(lè)于幫助別人.

二、 一般過(guò)去時(shí)

1.概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為. 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞或be的過(guò)去時(shí)+名詞 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+was/were +not+其他;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞. 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did 提問(wèn),同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞. 6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.那些天她經(jīng)常來(lái)幫助我們.

三、 一般將來(lái)時(shí)

1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事. 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are +going to + do+其它；主語(yǔ)+will/shall + do+其它 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are not going to do ；主語(yǔ)+will/shall not do+其它 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首. 6.例句： It is going to rain.天要下雨了.

四、 一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

1.概念：立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻,從過(guò)去看將來(lái),常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中. 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+was/were +going to + do+其它；主語(yǔ)+would/should + do+其它 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+was/were+not + going to + do; 主語(yǔ)+would/should + not + do. 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首. 6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他說(shuō)他第二天要去北京.

五、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為. 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be +doing +其它 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+be +not +doing+其它 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首. 6.例句：How are you feeling today?你今天感覺(jué)如何?

六、 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作. 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)+was/were +doing +其它 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+was/were + not +doing+其它 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把was或were放于句首.(第一個(gè)字母大寫） 6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那段時(shí)間她在人民解放軍部隊(duì)工作.

七、 將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,或表示要在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始,并繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作.常用來(lái)表示詢問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求等. 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Soon, tomorrow, this evening,on Sunday, by this time,in two days, tomorrow evening 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+shall/will + be +現(xiàn)在分詞+其它 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+shall/will + not + be +現(xiàn)在分詞+其它 5.例句：He won’t be coming to the party.他不去參加聚會(huì)了.

八、 過(guò)去完成時(shí)

1.概念：以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為,或在過(guò)去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為,即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”. 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Before, by the end of last year (term, month…), etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+had + p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+其它 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+had + not +p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+其它 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：had放于句首. 6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.當(dāng)我們到車站的時(shí)候,火車已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了.

二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

英語(yǔ)中的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)使用得比漢語(yǔ)要多,要普遍,許多課本及考試乃至實(shí)際應(yīng)用中都常常涉及到這個(gè)問(wèn)題.一般說(shuō)來(lái),當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作承受者,不必說(shuō)出執(zhí)行者或含糊不清的執(zhí)行者時(shí),多用被動(dòng)式.須注意的是,許多地方與漢語(yǔ)不同.注意那些漢語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有"被……"的意思,英語(yǔ)卻應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)態(tài).還要注意,英語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)態(tài)往往由"by"引出,而有用介詞"by"的短語(yǔ)往往又不是被動(dòng)態(tài),而是系表結(jié)構(gòu).還有些特殊現(xiàn)象,如：known to man(人類.所知),on foot步行(美國(guó)人有時(shí)用by foot),in carraige(乘四輪馬車)等等.還有假主動(dòng),真被動(dòng)的十幾個(gè)常用詞的用法,以及so heavy to carry而不用so heavy to be carried 等習(xí)慣用法.有關(guān)這類情況,做到心中有數(shù)對(duì)全面掌握被動(dòng)態(tài),en211 準(zhǔn)確解答習(xí)題非常關(guān)鍵,被動(dòng)態(tài)必須涉及的是動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)變化的問(wèn)題.英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)本來(lái)很復(fù)雜,怎樣記住各自的被動(dòng)形式呢? 首先要明確"將來(lái)進(jìn)行無(wú)被動(dòng),現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行同".這兩種時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)被動(dòng)形式. 另外,不及物動(dòng)詞帶有同源賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,反身代詞的動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞都無(wú)被動(dòng)形式.即便如此,還有不定式,動(dòng)名詞,分詞,以及它們的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))的被動(dòng)態(tài),再加上情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,助動(dòng)詞以及它們的疑問(wèn)式和否定式從中摻雜,真是令人頭痛,眼花繚亂.下面口訣就以動(dòng)詞do為例,即do did過(guò)去式done過(guò)去分詞,以口訣形式總結(jié)各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)態(tài),一定對(duì)你有所啟示. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子通常是以Be-Passive(即"be+過(guò)去分詞")的形式來(lái)表達(dá),但也可以Get-Passive(即"get+過(guò)去分詞")的形式來(lái)表達(dá),例如：He got punished today.著名學(xué)者周海中教授在論文《Get-Passive研究》中指出：Get-Passive是一種新興的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式；相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)它的使用還沒(méi)有Be-Passive那么廣泛,一般限于口語(yǔ)和非正式書面語(yǔ)；但它卻有著用得愈來(lái)愈多的趨勢(shì),是一種生氣蓬勃的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象. 如果要特別強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或行為的執(zhí)行者時(shí),句子后面需接by～,譯為“被（由）……”. 1 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句型 肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be +過(guò)去分詞+（by～）. 否定句：主語(yǔ)+be not +過(guò)去分詞+（by～）. 一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+（by～）? 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+be +主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+（by～）? 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)是由be的時(shí)態(tài)決定的,be是什么時(shí)態(tài),全句就是什么時(shí)態(tài),be動(dòng)詞后面的過(guò)去分詞不變. 一、 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法： 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：is / am / are + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard. Knives are used for cutting things. 2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：was / were + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 A new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：will+ be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：am / is / are + being + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 5. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：has / have + been + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 This book has been translated into many languages. Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 6.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：was/were + being + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital. The new road was being made. 7.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：had + been + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. The tickets had been sold out berore I came to the cinema. 8.將來(lái)完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：shall/will + have done They will have been married for 20 years by then. The project will have been completed before May. 9.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 二、 怎樣把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)? 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)非常簡(jiǎn)單,可以遵循以下幾個(gè)步驟： 1. 先找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞； 2. 再找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)； 3. 把賓語(yǔ)用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)； 4. 注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化. 例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 3. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far. 4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 5. Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now. 6. You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave. 三、 使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題： 1. 不及物動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài). What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義. This pen writes well. This new book sells well. 3. 感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞使用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式,主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不帶to ,但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),須加上to . 例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 4. 如果是接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),直接賓語(yǔ)(物)作主語(yǔ),那么動(dòng)詞后要用介詞,這個(gè)介詞是由與其搭配的動(dòng)詞決定. He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 5. 一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個(gè)整體,而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞. We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us. He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.

以上就是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)的全部?jī)?nèi)容，Wh-詞包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。Wh-從句的語(yǔ)法功能除了和that-從句一樣外,還可充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)等。